Sanidine is a mineral that belongs to the feldspar group of minerals. It has the chemical formula KAlSi3O8 and is composed of potassium, aluminum, silicon, and oxygen atoms. Sanidine is a high-temperature form of potassium feldspar that is often found in volcanic rocks.
Sanidine has a characteristic crystal structure, which is described as being monoclinic. Its crystals are typically transparent to translucent and have a vitreous to pearly luster. Sanidine can be colorless, white, gray, or pale yellow, but it can also be found in shades of pink, red, and brown.
Sanidine is an important mineral in petrology because it can be used to determine the age of volcanic rocks. This is done by measuring the amount of argon gas trapped in the mineral, which is produced by the decay of radioactive potassium isotopes.
Sanidine is also used as a gemstone, although it is not as well-known as other feldspars such as orthoclase and moonstone. It is relatively hard, with a Mohs hardness of 6, and has good cleavage in two directions. Sanidine is often cut into faceted gems or used in jewelry as a cabochon.
Monday, March 13, 2023
Sanidine
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